The pancreas produces pancreatic juice, rich in enzymes, to break down and subsequently digest food.If the pancreatic ducts are blocked, the enzymes produced are delayed and begin to degrade the organ itself, causing inflammation and pancreatitis.In the modern world, pancreatitis is a common disease.A person who leads an unhealthy lifestyle is more susceptible to the disease than others: he smokes, abuses alcohol and eats junk food.The causes of the disease are various:
- Drink alcohol.
- Poor nutrition, overeating.
- Abdominal injuries.
- Infectious diseases of the digestive system.
- Gallstone disease.
- Parasites.
- Taking certain medications and allergic reactions.
- Complications after surgery (about 5%).
It is necessary to eliminate factors influencing the development of the disease.In special cases, when pancreatitis is a consequence of an injury or another disease, for example gallstones, treatment is possible.
Basic nutrition for pancreatitis
Unfortunately, it is often impossible to recover completely, but it is likely that you can stop the destruction of the pancreas and try to reduce relapses.Nutrition for pancreatitis of the pancreas is of great importance.The acute condition is relieved with medications;dietary nutrition remains the main thing.
The fundamental principle of nutrition for pancreatitis is not to overload the pancreas.Try to reduce enzyme production.Food should be easily digestible without causing fermentation.You need to eat often, in small portions.A smaller portion means less load on the diseased organ.During an exacerbation, frequent split meals are excluded.The less often a person eats, the better.Meal breaks reach 12 hours.For pancreatitis, food with a warm, soft consistency is welcome.
It is important for a patient suffering from pancreatitis to study in detail what should not be consumed categorically, what foods should be avoided during pancreatitis and what foods can be consumed.
Authorized products
- Dry bread or crackers.
- Dietary meat: lean beef, rabbit, white part of chicken and turkey.
- Dairy products: milk, low-acid cottage cheese and yogurt.It is necessary to monitor the fat content of the product.Cottage cheese no more than 2%, preferably low-fat.It is advisable to exclude fermented baked milk, sour cream and cream.
- Lean fish.Preferably code.
- Cereals and any pasta.
- Vegetables that do not cause strong gas formation.Carrots, potatoes, beets, pumpkin, courgettes.
- Fruit: exclusively green apples, pears, bananas, avocados, persimmons.It is recommended to cook the fruit.
- Weak teas, compotes of dried fruits or berries.
Prohibited products
- Alcohol.Even low-alcohol drinks must be completely excluded from the diet!
- Chocolate, sugar, sweets, cakes, pastries, baked goods and other products containing a lot of sugar.
- Pork and goldfish.
- Seasonings, spices, salt, smoked meats.
- Fermentable vegetables: white cabbage, radishes, onions, garlic, spinach, radishes.
- Fruit: grapes, red apples, citrus fruits, peaches, plums.
- Coffee, strong black or green tea, cocoa, carbonated drinks, packaged juices.
- Cereals and porridges: millet, pearl barley, corn.
- Legumes, mushrooms, nuts.
During the remission period, slight easing is allowed.For example, it is acceptable to drink weak coffee with milk.For dressing, use low-fat sour cream, olive or flaxseed oil.
Soups that stimulate gastric secretion are not recommended for pancreatitis.However, outside of exacerbations, it is allowed to eat soups with vegetable broths.A spoonful of honey for dessert won't hurt.
Despite the poor variety of food products for pancreatitis, a well-designed menu makes the diet varied.
Type of pancreatitis and nutrition
Pancreatitis is classified according to the nature of the disease:
- Acute pancreatitis.
- Chronic pancreatitis.
Depending on the type, appropriate treatment and diet, developed by the doctor, are prescribed.
Acute pancreatitis is treated in a hospital setting.This is a serious condition and can be fatal without immediate medical attention.In addition to the surgical intervention performed, the following conditions must be met in case of acute pancreatitis:
- Bed rest.
- Depression of pancreatic function.
- Pharmacological treatment.
- Starvation diet.
Fasting is indicated during exacerbation of pancreatitis.The fasting diet can last up to three days.A person should drink 1.5-2 liters of liquid: mineral water will do, gas should be released, weak black or green tea or rosehip infusion, just clean water.If the patient's condition is severe, fasting is extended to seven days, nutrients are provided intravenously.
The diet for acute pancreatitis immediately after fasting should be gentle.It is allowed to eat oatmeal, slimy soups and boiled rice.The basic rule during a flare-up is that food is introduced gradually.In the first days the food is low-calorie, mucous and does not irritate the gastrointestinal tract.Volume and calorie content increase as recovery progresses.
After the acute phase, the disease becomes chronic.Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by low-grade inflammation and periodic pain.Attacks are triggered by the consumption of alcohol and irritating foods.
To prevent frequent relapses and reduce pain, the diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas should remain throughout life.The diet must contain proteins of plant and animal origin.But the amount of fat is reduced to the limit.Handle carbohydrates with care.The diet for chronic pancreatitis is carefully developed so that, despite the meager list of permitted foods, the patient receives the necessary nutrients.Additionally, vitamins may be prescribed.
Therapeutic diet for pancreatitis
How to eat correctly during pancreatitis so as not to damage the pancreas?
Soviet doctors also developed a special therapeutic diet for patients suffering from pancreatitis.It's called the Pevzner diet n.5. And although diet therapy has changed over the years, therapeutic nutrition for pancreatitis is still based on diet No.5. In case of exacerbation, Pevzner diet No. is prescribed.5p.
The diet for chronic pancreatitis is quite varied.Diet no.5 allows milk sausages and doctor's sausages.Although, given modern realities, it is better to refuse sausages.If you like, try making your own sausages.First, before diet food becomes a habit, it is better to create a weekly menu and purchase the necessary products according to the list.You should avoid unnecessary trips to the store, anticipating the possibility of purchasing a prohibited product.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis
First day:
- Breakfast: finely ground oatmeal, boil until viscous.Weak green tea.
- Snack: yogurt.
- Lunch: mashed potatoes with steamed turkey cutlets, berry compote.
- Snack: baked green apple.
- Dinner: pumpkin porridge with semolina, weak black tea.
- Before going to bed: low-fat cottage cheese.
Second day:
- Breakfast: steamed or baked omelette, rosehip infusion.
- Snack: boiled carrots with a minimum amount of oil.
- Lunch: vegetable puree soup.Cracker.Add a spoonful of vegetable oil.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: cheese sandwich, light green tea.
- Dinner: boiled cauliflower, steamed fish fillet.Top with 10% sour cream.
- Before going to bed: yogurt.
Third day:
- Breakfast: rice porridge with milk, boiled rice, milk diluted with water.Weak black tea.
- Snack: cottage cheese casserole, prepared with semolina.Add a spoonful of honey.
- Lunch: pasta and steamed meatballs made with lean meat.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: cooked pear.
- Dinner: buckwheat soup with milk.Green tea.
- Before going to bed: yogurt.
Fourth day:
- Breakfast: oatmeal, black tea.
- Snack: boiled or baked beets.
- Lunch: vegetable stew with steamed chicken fillet, rose hips.
- Snack: lean sandwich, jelly.
- Dinner: milk vermicelli soup.
- Before going to bed: Kefir.
Fifth day:
- Breakfast: steamed omelette, black tea.It is convenient to cook an omelette in a bag.Pour the raw mixture into a food bag, tie it tightly and place it in boiling water.The omelette will cook much faster than steam, without losing its properties.
- Snack: yogurt.
- Lunch: vegetable soup with meatballs (meatballs are prepared separately), compote.
- Snack: sandwich with butter and avocado, rose hips.
- Dinner: buckwheat with steamed cutlets, jelly.
- Before going to bed: low-fat cottage cheese.
Sixth day:
- Breakfast: semolina porridge cooked in water, light coffee with milk.
- Snack: green apple jelly.
- Lunch: pumpkin puree soup, you can add a little milk, compote.
- Snack: yogurt.
- Dinner: rice with turkey or chicken fillet, rose hips.
- Before bed: fruit jelly.
Seventh day:
- Breakfast: buckwheat milk soup.Preferably diluted milk.
- Snack: bananas.
- Lunch: vermicelli, steamed rabbit cutlets, compote.
- Snack: cottage cheese casserole, spoonful of honey.
- Dinner: steamed vegetables, tea.
- Before going to bed: yogurt.
An approximate menu for chronic pancreatitis is described;it is possible to diversify the list with permitted products.The main thing is to comply with the conditions:
- It is recommended to eat foods from the region where you live.Exotic fruits and vegetables are not good for you;they are taken to green shops.
- Compotes are prepared from dried fruits with the addition of berries: cranberries, blueberries, blackcurrants.It is not allowed to drink fruit juices very often.Remember: the concentration of the drink is higher than compote and can irritate the mucous membranes.
- Heat-treated products should be boiled or steamed.Fruit and vegetables are consumed exclusively cooked.
- Pancreatitis products must be fresh and of high quality.The body of a healthy person is able to cope with sour cottage cheese or a week's soup.Such a diet during inflammation of the pancreas will cause an exacerbation of the disease.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis after a flare-up
After a flare-up, you need to carefully introduce food, starting with a small amount of calories, gradually increasing to normal.The food in the first week is poor.After eating, you need to monitor your condition;if it gets worse, be sure to see a doctor.
The first day after fasting:
- Dry bread and jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Second day:
- Slimy rice soup.
- Dry bread or crackers.
- Weak black tea, rosehip infusion, jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Third day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal, thin and slimy consistency, cooked in water.
- Lunch: liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: rusks.Weak black tea or rosehip tea.
Fourth day:
- Breakfast: semolina polenta in water.
- Lunch: liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: biscuits.Kissel.
Fifth day:
- Breakfast: buckwheat milk soup.
- Lunch: vegetable puree of potatoes and carrots.
- Dinner: biscuits.Composed.
Sixth day:
- Breakfast: protein omelette.
- Lunch: Slimy rice soup.
- Dinner: pumpkin and courgette vegetable puree.Black tea.
Seventh day:
- Breakfast: Cooked oatmeal with diluted milk.
- Lunch: vegetable stew, steamed turkey meatballs.
- Dinner: Low-fat cottage cheese.Green tea.
- Before going to bed: oatmeal jelly.
- Gradually, over 10-14 days, a return to the basic diet occurs.
Consequences of not following the diet
If a person ignores his condition and does not follow proper nutrition during pancreatitis, such behavior is fraught with constant exacerbations.Chronic recurrent pancreatitis is a dangerous condition of the pancreas.The constantly progressing disease increases the area of \u200b\u200bcell damage, leads to complete atrophy of the organ and the development of concomitant diseases: cholecystitis, peptic ulcer, threatening diabetes and pancreatic cancer.
The diet of pancreatitis patients is the basis for a long and quality life.